March 2018 Sketch

cofl — 19 November 2018

A. Lee

Abstract

This is a grammar of the Tasska language of the Oran, of Anaret's Iron Coast Language Family. All aspects of the language are discussed, including phonology, morphology, and background.

Keywords: Tasska, grammar, Oran, language

Acknowledgements

This paper would not have been possible without the invitation of the Anaretian Directory and prompting from my professor, Jian Stenberg, of the University of Valles Marineris. I'd also like to extend my most sincere gratitude to the students and faculty of both Onizue Academy and Lanhalennin Suorikät, as well as the people of Ennanö, Lanhalen, and the entire Tyyvä region for their cooperation with my research, and for all the source materials they provided for my further education. Lastly, I want to thank my guide and friend, Keliäristä Sonora, who has been extremely patient with me during my time on Anaret, and has always been willing to assist me in any way.

a. Conventions

This document makes use of a few conventions:

Forward slashes (//) are used around phonemes.
These are the recognized distinct sounds found in a language. This format is called broad transcription.
Square brackets ([]) are used around phones.
These sounds are absolutes, many of which may be covered by a single phoneme. This format is called narrow transcription.
Single chevrons (‹›) are used around graphemes.
These symbols are used to write down language. They may or may not correlate to phonemes. Please note that single chevrons are not the standard punctuation for this, but are similarly visually and are more visually appealing than some other angle brackets.

Some further conventions are used to label affixes:

Suffixes are marked with a preceding hyphen, e.g. -suff.
Prefixes are marked with a trailing hypen, e.g. pref.-

b. Glossary of Abbreviations

[Show table](javascript:ShowTable(this))

Abbreviation	Meaning
nom	Nominative case

c. Foreword

TODO{foreword -- ooc}

1. Introduction

TODO{intro}

2. The TODO{people-name} People

TODO{culture section}

3. Phonology

3.1 Consonants

The table below shows all consonants of Tasska.

Phonemes
	Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post-Alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	p b		t d				k
Nasal	m		n			ŋ
Fricative	f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ	x	h
Other			l r		j

Graphemes
	Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post-Alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	p b		t d				k
Nasal	m		n			gn
Fricative	f v	th dh	s z	sh	kh	h
Other			l r		j

3.2 Vowels

Phonemes
	Front	Back
High	i y	u
Mid	e ø	o
Low	æ	a

Graphemes
	Front	Back
High	i y	u
Mid	e ö	o
Low	ä	a

4. Morphology

5. Syntax

7. Pragmatics

8. Lexicon

9. Etc?

Tasska - something with speech
Lanhalennin Suorikät - university in Lanhalen
Keliäristä Sonora (this is a name)
Tyyvä - the region including the Iron Coast

Anaretsia



Han jets fiska.
Khien jeti fiska.
Khien jets ha. ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
Tan jets fiska.
Ikh jet

Fiskhen annikhjässe.

Idonät, fiskhen annikhjänne hvellena en fleðen flakhjänne stheirra am, hen kholot maijokht thullät ghas en birkh zhausta khiennin elyjam ranne.

    idon-ät  fiskhe -n   anni-khjä-nne hvellen-a   en  fleðe  -n   fla-khjä-nne stheirr-a   am, 
    days-LOC fish/PL-NOM swim-GNOM-PST sea/PL -ACC and bird/PL-NOM fly-GNOM-PST sky    -ACC REL

    hen   kholot maijokht  thull -ät  ghas  en  birkh  zhaust-a   khien-nin elyja-m   ra-nne.
    there tall   grey.mist forest-LOC great and fierce beast -ACC 3s   -GEN home -DAT do-PST.

"In those days, when fish swam the seas and birds flew the skies, there in the tall grey-mist wood great and fierce a beast his lair made.

-- TODO: verb conjugation
What persons? >> 1, 2, 3
What numbers? >> singular, plural
What tenses? >> past, non-past, (future)
What aspects?
    >> Perfect
    >> Progressive (default)
    >> Gnomic
What moods?
    >> Realis
    >> Subjunctive
    >> Imperative
    >> "May" (uses subjunctive with prefix verb) (also used for future w/ prefix verb)
    >> "Should" (uses subjunctive with prefix verb)




# REDO
What persons? >> 1, 2, 3, 0/4 (see: Finnish)
What numbers? >> singular, plural
What tenses?  >> past, non-past, (future: subjunctive w/ prefix verb)
What aspects?
    >> Perfect
    >> Progressive (default)
    >> Gnomic (an extension of 3rd-person)
What moods?
    >> Realis (default)
    >> Subjunctive
    >> Imperative
    >> "May" (uses subjunctive w/ prefix verb)
    >> "Should" (uses subjunctive w/ prefix verb)

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